Do You Know The Functions of the Solar Charge Controller?

The full name of the solar controller is the solar charge and discharge controller. It is an automatic control device used in the solar power system to control the multi-channel solar cell array to charge the battery and the battery to supply power to the solar inverter load. The most common application of solar charge controllers in daily life is solar street lights. With a solar controller, the solar street light can be switched on and off at a fixed time. As a  solar street light manufacturer, ZGSM is here to show you more about the functions of the solar street light controller. 

1. Exit Protection Voltage

   Sometimes, after the solar street lamp is on for a period, especially after continuous rainy days, the street lamp will not be on for several days. After checking we find the battery voltage is normal, and the controller and lights are not faulty. This problem has puzzled many engineering companies. In fact, this is a problem of the voltage value of "exit under-voltage protection". The higher the value is set, the longer the recovery time after under-voltage is, and it will not be bright for many days. light. Regarding this problem, the industrial version of the controller allows each customer to set the voltage value of the exit protection according to the configuration. But the battery panel configuration must enlarge the margin. The larger the battery panel configuration, the lower the exit protection voltage can be set, so that it will not affect the battery.

   
   

2. LED Lamp Constant Current Output

   Due to its characteristics, the LED must be constant current or current limited by technical means, otherwise, it couldn't work normally. Usually LED lights are equipped with a driving power supply to achieve constant current, but this driver accounts for about 10%-20% of the total power of the whole lamp. For example, for an LED light with a theoretical value of 42W, its actual power with a driver would be around 46-50W. When calculating the power of the panel and the capacity of the battery, an additional 10%-20% must be added to meet the power consumption caused by the driver. The industrial version of the solar controller uses software to achieve a constant current without power consumption, with high stability and lower overall power consumption.

   
   

3. Output Period

   Ordinary controllers can generally only be set to turn off the lights 4 hours or 8 hours after turning on the lights, which can no longer meet the needs of many customers. The industrial version of the solar charge controller can be divided into 3 periods, and the time of each period can be set arbitrarily. According to different applications, each period can be set to the off state. For example, if there are no people in some factories or scenic areas at night, the second period (late night) can be closed, or both the second and third periods can be closed to reduce usage costs.

   
   

   
   

   

   Solar LED Street Light With MPPT Comtroller

   
   

4. LED Light Output Power Adjustment

   Among solar-powered lamps, LED lamps are suitable for pulse width adjustment to achieve different output power. While limiting the pulse width or limiting the current, the duty cycle of the entire output of the LED lamp is adjusted. For example, a single 1W LED 7 series and 5 LED lamps totaling 35W can be discharged at night, and the late-night and early morning periods can be separately performed Power adjustment, such as adjusting to 15W in the middle of the night and 25W in the early morning, and locking the current, to meet the lighting all night, and save the cost of battery board and storage battery configuration. Long-term experiments have proved that the pulse width adjustment method of LED lamps generates much less heat in the whole lamp, which can extend the life of the LED.

   
   

5. Line Loss Compensation

   The line loss compensation function is currently difficult to achieve with conventional controllers because it requires software settings to automatically compensate for different line diameters and line lengths. Line loss compensation is actually very important in low voltage systems because the line loss is relatively large when the voltage is low. If there is no corresponding line loss voltage compensation, the voltage at the output terminal may be much lower than the input terminal, which will cause the battery to advance. Under-voltage protection, the actual application rate of battery capacity is discounted.

   
   

6. Heat Dissipation

   To reduce costs, many controllers do not consider the heat dissipation problem. When the load current is large or the charging current is large, the heat increases, and the internal resistance of the field tube of the controller is increased, resulting in a significant decrease in charging efficiency and the service life of the field tube after overheating. Greatly reduce or even be burned, especially the outdoor environment temperature in summer is very high, so a good heat sink should be indispensable for the controller.

   
   

7. MCT Charging Mode

   The charging mode of the conventional solar controller is to copy the three-stage charging method of the mains charger, namely the three stages of constant current, constant voltage and floating charge. Because the energy of the mains power grid is infinite, if the constant current charging is not carried out, it will directly cause the battery to burst and be damaged. However, the solar street lamp system has limited battery power, so it is not necessary to continue to use the constant current charging method of the mains controller Scientifically, if the current generated by the battery panel is greater than the current limited by the controller section, it will cause a decrease in charging efficiency. The MCT charging method is to track the current of the battery board without causing waste. By detecting the voltage of the battery and calculating the temperature compensation value, when the voltage of the battery is close to the peak value, the pulse-type trickle charging method is adopted to make the battery full and Prevent overcharging of the battery.

   
   

To sum up, the solar charge controller is very important to the solar street light system. It can not only control the charging and discharging, maintain the automatic and normal working of the solar street light system, but also protect the battery from overcharging and discharging. The spilt solar street light system and all in one solar street light of ZGSM adopt the high-end MPPT solar charge controller, to ensure solar lighting systems operate more efficiently and safely.

Video Of Solar Street Light

Specification

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Data Sheet_SolarStreetLight.pdf

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People Also Ask

1.  What are the advantages of Solar Street Light?

   - Solar street lights have good stability and long working life, no need to maintain;

   - High Efficacy with great performance;

   - No need to connect to city electric supply, not only more energy-saving but also could be installed to the places without electric supply;

   - Easy to install and very safe;

   - Could be widely applied to city streets, residential areas, factories, tourist sites, and parking lots.

   
   

2. What Is All In One Solar Street Light?

   All in one solar street light is a new version of LED solar street light. It integrates LED Street Lamps, solar panels, lithium batteries, MPPT controllers, motion sensors, and so on into one light fixture.

   
   

3. How many types does solar LED street light have?

   - Solar LED Street Lighting System (Off-Grid)
   

   - Solar Street LED Lighting System (Grid-Tie)

    - Hybrid Solar Street Lighting System with Solar and Wind

    - Integrated Solar LED Street Light